The medina charter pdf

This declaration proclaims the religious, personal, civic, political, economic, social and cultural rights of human beings. Q 3: How do we know that Islam is the protector of human rights?

We know that Islam is the greatest protector of human rights due to the incorporation of the clauses of Madina Charter in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights by the United Nations. Tolerance means to tolerate or bear the acts and deeds of the people belonging to diverse communities as well as to the same community. Some examples from the text are mentioned below that show the promotion of tolerance.

The only way that he can avoid this is if he pays blood money to the family of the victim, and they accept it. Muslims must carry out justice in such a case. Muslims had the right to freedom of religion. The same right was given to the non-Muslims minorities as well. This serves to strike down claims of delusional people who say that Islam is intolerant. The Muslims and the non-Muslims had the same responsibility. All communities were one when it came to protection and safety.

Similarly, all had to take responsibility to protect Medina if it came under attack. The Muslims were aware that the Quraish were likely to transgress and attack Medina at some point. This applied to all the participants, including Muslims and non-Muslims. They were all forbidden from taking part in any activities that would disrupt the peace in the land and cause tribulation. The Constitution of Medina emphasized the importance of the communities helping each other and consulting with each other.

The charter required Muslims and non-Muslims alike to fulfill all pledges and abide by the rules of the treaty. It is divided into two parts; the first part deals with the rules and regulations for Muslim immigrants Muhajiroon and Muslim natives Ansar and the second part deals with the rights and responsibilities of the Jews of Madinah. This charter contains 47 clauses, which laid the foundations of a sovereign nation-state comprising of Muslims, Jews and Pagans, having equal rights and responsibilities under a common citizenship.

Many historians believe that the charter was developed in two stages: the first part was written before the battle of Badr and the second part about relations with Jews, after Badr , when Muslims had gained a much stronger standing.

The salient features of this charter include:. It is a landmark document, not only in Muslim history but also in the constitutional history of the world. This charter transformed all aspects of life in Madinah including political, religious and social life. Its biggest achievement was bringing belligerent tribes together to form a polity and establishing long term peace among them. It put an end to the prevailing anarchy and protected the life, liberty, property and religious freedom of all people included in the accord.

It created a state where equal rights and responsibilities were truly provided for all citizens. The charter of Madinah replaced the traditional tribal kinship with a new social order and created a nation state with a new social fabric. This epoch-making innovation … brought an end for all times to the chaos of tribalism and which laid the basis for a wider institution, viz a State.

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Need an account? Click here to sign up. Download Free PDF. Shahid Mursaleen. A short summary of this paper. Download Download PDF. Translate PDF. The first pledge of allegiance at Mina between twelve Medinan people who came to embrace Islam at the hands of Prophet Muhammad Peace be upon him were subsequently declared as his representatives to Medina and the Prophet, peace be upon him delivered his first sermon of Islam to them.

This historical sermon has been documented in several Islamic historical books authored by authoritative Islamic figures who are accepted unanimously. The sermon itself consists of seven points which are stated as follows. To be faithful and obedient to Almighty Allah 2. To not commit adultery 4. To not kill 5. To not falsely make allegations against anybody 6. To not backbite 7. To practice every good and abstain from every evil. These aspects aim at protecting people from all kinds of social crimes and they are secular in nature.

Later Prophet Muhammad Peace be upon him delivered his first official public speech on the first Friday at a Mosque in Quba on his way to Medina. The Prophet Peace be upon him stated that all Muslims should carry out the following; 1. To worship Almighty Allah ; 2. To be truthful; 3. To love everyone in your society; 4. To fulfil all promises and commitments; 5. To differentiate between the lawful and unlawful; 6. To behave with a good manners.

However his benevolent character meant that he never spoke about revenging the people of Makkah but instead spoke about spreading love, peace and humanity. The first written Constitution of Medina also known as The Medina Charter or the Charter of Medina was drafted and declared by Prophet Muhammad Peace be upon him in the year AD to the people of Medina who included not only immigrant and local Muslims but also Jews and other non-Muslims and their non- Muslim allied tribes.

The Constitution was meant for the ten thousand-strong multi religious citizens of the state of Medina. This written constitution provided the Medinan society with the concept of devolution of powers which later became the practical foundation of democracy. It provided a moderate and balanced aptitude for all communities living in that society.